Clomiphene citrate has also been found to increase serum level of LH and FSH in male rats which stimulate testosterone and sperm production by the testes. The concentration of testosterone in the tubular environment is believed to maintain the gametogenic function of the testis. Testosterone is produced by the Leydig cells in response to LH secretion. This interaction neutralizes the normal negative feedback control of estrogen and results in enhanced secretion of LH-RH, FSH-RH and gonadotropins. It is thought to stimulate pituitary gonadotropin release by excluding estradiol from hypothalamic receptor sites. Commonly used medications include follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-estrogens, l-carnitine and antioxidants.Ĭlomiphene citrate, 1-1,2-diphenyl chloroethylene, is an orally active non-steroidal agent distantly related to diethylstilbestrol. A variety of medications have been developed in an attempt to improve the sperm quality and in turn modify the male fertility potential. Infertility is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the inability of a couple to achieve conception or bring pregnancy to term after one year or more of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. Thus, this finding supports the concept that the combination therapy of cashew nut and clomiphene citrate may be used to treat male partners suffering from infertility. The present study shows that the combination of cashew nut supplemented diet and clomiphene citrate could modulate vital biomolecules associated with male reproductive function. However, study, have shown that dietary pattern plays a pivotal role in the protection of testicular damage, and till date there is no report on the influence of cashew nut supplemented diet on fertility activity of clomiphene citrate in male infertility and reproductive dysfunction. Clomiphene citrate is a known synthetic oestrogen-antagonist, reported to have a potential fertility effects on human reproductive health in the last few decades.
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